Does Homeowners Insurance Cover Water Damage?
Water damage is one of the most common—and costly—home insurance claims. But not all water damage is covered. A burst pipe might be fully covered, while a flood from a hurricane likely won’t be. Understanding what your policy includes (and excludes) can save you thousands of dollars and prevent nasty surprises after a loss. This guide breaks down the key scenarios so you know where you stand.
What’s Typically Covered
Standard homeowners insurance usually covers sudden and accidental water damage from:
- Burst or broken pipes
- Appliance overflows (e.g., washing machine hose)
- Roof leaks caused by a covered peril (like wind or hail)
- Ice dams that cause interior damage
What’s Usually Excluded
Most standard policies exclude:
- Flood damage: Defined as water that touches the ground before entering your home (e.g., storm surge, river overflow, heavy rain). Requires separate flood insurance.
- Gradual leaks: Damage from a slow leak you should have noticed (e.g., under a sink for months).
- Poor maintenance: Damage resulting from failure to maintain your home (e.g., clogged gutters causing water intrusion).
- Sewer or drain backups: Unless you’ve added a specific endorsement.
Flood Insurance: Do You Need It?
Flood insurance is sold separately through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) or private insurers. It’s required if you have a mortgage in a high-risk flood zone, but even moderate- or low-risk areas can flood. Nearly 25% of flood claims come from outside high-risk zones. Premiums start around $500–$1,500 per year, depending on location and home value.
Sewer Backup Endorsement
Many insurers offer an optional “water backup” endorsement for $50–$250 per year. It typically covers $5,000–$25,000 in damage from sump pump failures or sewer backups. Given how expensive cleanup can be, this is often worth adding—especially if you have a basement.
What to Do After Water Damage
- Stop the source if safe (e.g., shut off main water valve).
- Document everything with photos and videos before cleaning.
- Mitigate further damage (e.g., use fans, remove wet items)—but don’t make permanent repairs until the adjuster inspects.
- File a claim promptly. Most policies require notice within 30–60 days.
Common Misconceptions
“My flood zone is low-risk, so I don’t need coverage.” FEMA maps aren’t perfect, and climate change is increasing flood frequency everywhere.
“My home warranty covers water damage.” Home warranties cover appliance/system breakdowns, not resulting water damage to walls or floors.
How to Reduce Your Risk
- Install a water leak detection system ($50–$300)
- Insulate pipes in cold areas
- Clean gutters twice a year
- Consider a battery backup for your sump pump
Key Takeaway
Don’t assume your homeowners policy covers all water damage. Review your policy annually, consider adding flood insurance or a water backup endorsement if appropriate, and act quickly if damage occurs. When in doubt, ask your agent for a coverage review—before disaster strikes.